Kuncle

God I pray to prosper thee.

New Concept English - Grammar 6

时态

即时间和形态,不同时间所体现出来的形态不一样。英文中时态的不同靠动词来体现。

  • 现在完成时态
    • 结构 has(第三人称单数时用)/have+动词过去分词
      过去分词形式通常与过去式一样,不规则动词需单独记忆。
      has/have为助动词
      否定疑问在has/have上发变化
    • 用法
      1. 动作在过去已经发生,但对现在的影响依然存在,而且具体发生时间不明,一旦有具体发生的时间,就必须用一般过去时。
        • 与一般过去时的区分:
        • 一般过去时只表示具体过去某时发生的动作,常与以下时间状语连用:yesterday, last, year, last week, 3 days ago, in 1989等
        • 现在完成时强调一个过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常与以下时间状语连用:just(刚刚), already(已经), yet(还,仍然), never(从不), ever(曾经)等

          eg:
              He has already left.
              I have already finished my work.
              We have alreday had breadkfast.
              I have already had 3 cups of cooffee.
              My brother has just arrived in Beijing.

      2. 表示一直延续到现在的动作
        这时句中常出现for,since,so far等词

        eg:
            I have lived in BJ for 12 years. for+时间段
            I have lived in BJ since 2002. since+时间点
            So far,we haven’t seen each other.
            I am a teacher.一般现在时态
            I was a teacher 12 years ago.一般过去时态
            I have been a teacher for 12 years.现在完成时态