- 反意疑问句
- 结构：
- 前一部分为陈述句，后一部分为简短问句，两部分有逗号隔开
- 陈述句肯定则问句否定，陈述句否定则问句肯定。
- 注意：
- 问句主语需要和主句主语一致，且问句用代词不用名词
- 前后助动词，时态须保持一致
- 没有助动词的，后面部分需要加上助动词（只能加do, does, did）
eg:
You have lived here for many years, haven’t you? 前肯后否，助动词为have，前后需保持一致
He won’t be late, will he?
You are tired, aren’t you?
It isn’t going to rain tomorrow, is it?
He went out, didn’t he?前面部分没有助动词，需要我们去添加助动词do，does，did
You love me, don’t you?
He doesn’t feel ill, does he?
You can wait for me, can’t you?
There is no water here, is there?
- 结构：
- 直接引语与间接引语（引用别人的话）
- 直接引语与间接引语都是宾语
- 直接引语即一字不差引用别人的话，需放在单引号内
- 间接引语则是用自己的话转述别人的话，不需要引号，而以宾语从句的形式出现。
- 直接引语变间接引语时须注意人称和时态的变化：
- 人称的变化：按照中文作相应改变
- 时态的变化：
- 若当即转述别人的话，动词（如say，tell等）用一般现在时，则直接引语中的时态不用作任何改变放在间接引语中。
eg:
He says:’I am busy.’ -> He says that he is busy.
Mr.Jones says:’I have just finished my work.’ -> Mr.Jones says that he has just finished his work.
Sally says:’I’m sitting under the tree.’ -> Sally says that she is sitting under the tree.
Sara says:’I broke that plate.’ -> Sara says that she broke that plate.
Jack says:’I’ll go to England tomorrow.’ -> Jack says that he will go to England tomorrow. - 若过来一段时间再转述别人的话，动词用一般过去时态（said，told等），则时态需作如下变化：
直接引语 间接引语
一般现在时 -> 一般过去时
一般过去时 -> 过去完成时
现在进行时 -> 过去进行时
一般将来时 -> 过去将来时
现在完成时 -> 过去完成时
情态动词 -> 对应的过去式eg:
She said:’I’m hungry.’ -> She said that she was hungry.
‘I am having breakfast,’ he told me. -> He told me that he was having breakfast.
He said:’I want to see you.’ -> He said that he wanted to see me.
She said:’I’ve just made a new film.’ -> She said that she had just made a new film.
She said:’I am going to retire.’ -> She said that she was going to retire.
Tom said:’I broke the cup.’ -> Tom said that he had broken the cup.
Jane said to Jack:’I love you.’ -> Jane said to Jack that she loved him.
He said:’We will come back soon.’ -> He said that they would come back soon.
- 若当即转述别人的话，动词（如say，tell等）用一般现在时，则直接引语中的时态不用作任何改变放在间接引语中。